Controllers, air conditioners, door locks, lamps, seats, dashboards, engines, and other related equipment in the rail transit industry all need to undergo vibration and shock tests according to the IEC61373:1999 standard. The electronic equipment impact test mainly evaluates whether the product can work normally and whether the appearance is damaged after the mechanical impact test.

1. Impact

Shock: A phenomenon in which a system is transiently excited with sudden changes in force, position, velocity, and acceleration. Shock is a sudden, violent release of energy, the conversion and transfer of energy. The duration of the shock is short, and the shock process is completed at one time without showing periodicity. These characteristics of shock determine that there are environmental shock sources everywhere in the process of product circulation and use. Usually the impact environment comes from mechanical impact between elastomers, or refers to the infrequent, non-repetitive impact force encountered during the impact process. The acceleration produced by this impact force is larger and the duration of the shock pulse is shorter. Such as the braking and falling of the car in operation, the recoil when the weapon is fired, the explosion of the shell on the ground, etc., these are all shock phenomena, also known as the shock environment.

Shock Effects: Mechanical shock can have a detrimental effect on the structural and functional integrity of the entire equipment. In general, the magnitude of detrimental effects increases with the magnitude and duration of the impact environment. Detrimental effects on the structural and functional integrity of the equipment are magnified when the duration of the shock coincides with the natural frequency of the equipment or when the dominant frequency portion of the input shock environmental waveform coincides with the natural frequency of the equipment.

2. Purpose and significance of impact test

The impact test is mainly used to determine the ability of electrical and electronic components, equipment and other products to withstand non-repetitive mechanical shocks during use and transportation, in order to evaluate their adaptability to the impact environment and structural integrity. Strength testing in microelectronic devices. Impact testing can also be used as a means of product satisfactory design and quality control.

The impact test is instantaneous and destructive. Theoretically, the drop test is also a kind of shock. Generally, the impact tester fixes the item on the platform, then lifts the platform, and uses gravity and acceleration to impact.